What Does Fluid in the Ear Mean?
What Does Fluid in the Ear Mean?
When we talk about fluid in the ear, we refer to the accumulation of mucus or fluid without infection symptoms in the middle ear, which is the space behind the eardrum that is normally filled only with air.
What Is the Difference Between Otitis Media and Secretory Otitis Media?
Both conditions involve fluid in the ear; however, in secretory otitis media, there is no bacterial or viral infection, meaning the patient does not experience pain.
What Is the First Symptom of Secretory Otitis Media?
The first symptom is a reduction in the child’s hearing. Through an ear examination with a microscope or even a simple otoscope, a doctor can diagnose the presence of fluid in the middle ear cavity.
Can Parents Always Detect Secretory Otitis Media?
Unfortunately, no. In some children, hearing loss may not be noticeable, and the condition may remain undiagnosed for several months.
Can the Fluid Disappear Without Treatment?
Yes. This is why, for the first 2-3 months after diagnosis, careful monitoring is usually recommended in collaboration with an ENT specialist.
How Important Is the Duration of Fluid Retention in the Middle Ear?
The fluid usually resolves within 3 months after the initial diagnosis. In most cases, it appears after an episode of otitis media or during the resolution phase of a common cold. However, if the fluid persists for an extended period, it can cause structural damage to the eardrum.
What Are the Common Symptoms of Secretory Otitis Media, and How Does It Affect the Child?
Besides hearing loss, common symptoms include:
- A sensation of fullness in the ear
- Delayed speech development
- Irritability due to communication difficulties
- Learning difficulties
- Sleep disturbances
These symptoms subside once the fluid disappears.
What Can Parents Do to Prevent Secretory Otitis Media?
- Avoid exposing the child to passive smoking
- Stop pacifier use, especially in children older than one year
- Avoid feeding the child in a supine position
- Limit contact with individuals suffering from respiratory infections
Can Secretory Otitis Media Turn Into an Ear Infection?
Yes. The presence of fluid makes the middle ear more vulnerable to bacterial infections, increasing the risk of transitioning into acute otitis media, especially during respiratory infections.
How Is Secretory Otitis Media Treated?
- Medication is usually ineffective, and antibiotics are not necessary unless there are signs of infection.
- Antihistamines, decongestants, and corticosteroids (oral or nasal) are sometimes used but have questionable effectiveness.
In cases where the fluid remains for a long time and affects the eardrum, surgical intervention may be required. The procedure involves:
- Tympanotomy (small incision in the eardrum)
- Fluid drainage
- Insertion of a ventilation tube to prevent fluid accumulation
This procedure is done under general anesthesia for children and local anesthesia for adults.
Should the Ear Be Monitored Even After the Fluid Disappears?
Yes. Fluid may reappear, and if left undiagnosed, it can cause complications. Preschool-aged children may not express their hearing difficulties, so parents must remain vigilant for any communication issues.
Regular ear examinations every 3-6 months ensure proper ear health.
Can a Child with Secretory Otitis Media Travel by Plane?
- If the middle ear is completely filled with fluid without any air pockets, the child can travel without issues.
- If there is some air trapped in the ear, it may cause significant pain, especially during landing.
Dr. Nikos Lazaridis